When Researchers Say Mental Model/Theory of Mind of AI, What Are They Really Talking About?

Xiaoyun Yin, Elmira Zahmat Doost, Shiwen Zhou, Garima Arya Yadav, Jamie C. Gorman

Thursday at 04:00

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arXiv:2510.02660v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: When researchers claim AI systems possess ToM or mental models, they are fundamentally discussing behavioral predictions and bias corrections rather than genuine mental states. This position paper argues that the current discourse conflates sophisticated pattern matching with authentic...

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